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Local news refers to the full collection of communication outlets – newspapers, radio stations and hyperlocal websites – that tell a community’s stories. Local journalism is informed by the community’s perspective and meets its critical information needs. It invites citizen engagement in every way possible, including writing and sharing articles, reading, watching and joining public debate.

This collection of local news outlets is the backbone of our democracy. Yet today they face major challenges. Revenues are plummeting as advertising dollars shift to digital platforms. The decline of newspaper readership has reduced revenue and audience size, leading to cuts in staff and diminished coverage of important community issues. In addition, the federal government has cut funding to local media through the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, leaving hundreds of public media stations at risk.

Local television is another key source of local news. But the recent consolidation of local broadcasting markets has increased the likelihood that local news may disappear, even in larger markets where it remains strong. In smaller markets, the ability of large media conglomerates to control many television stations in the same market has greatly decreased the number of local news programs available.

The same trend has been seen in local radio. As the local news landscape has changed, public radio has remained an important source of locally produced news in many communities. In fact, in some counties – mostly rural ones – public media is the sole source of local news.

Almost every day, families around the world leave their homes, seeking safety and better lives. Some become refugees, fleeing persecution or conflict, while others migrate to escape back-breaking poverty.

While hospitality towards migrants is a core national value for many countries, they can reach their limit when a large influx of people is poorly managed. Local populations may fear that refugees will put additional pressure on welfare programs or compete for scarce jobs. This can create tensions, as well as undermine a refugee’s sense of belonging and social inclusion.

In addition, refugee communities often lack economic and educational opportunities, exposing them to exploitation and other forms of vulnerability. Some countries even resort to scapegoating refugees to deflect attention from their own failings, such as poor regional security and domestic instability.

The current crisis has reached critical proportions. The global refugee population is now at its highest level since the Second World War, with the vast majority of those displaced by war or natural disasters living outside their country of origin. Moreover, refugee return rates have dropped sharply, and more people are leaving their home countries than ever before.

The world’s richest countries must increase their support for refugees. They must also take their share of the responsibility for those displaced by conflict and natural disasters. This includes investigating and prosecuting gangs that exploit refugees and migrants for profit, putting their lives at risk.

A headline is the first impression a reader will have of your content. It must capture their attention, set expectations for what’s to come and motivate them to delve further into your content.

The best way to do that is by leveraging emotion. Headlines that trigger an emotional response—fear, surprise, curiosity, sadness, anger and others—are proven to attract and engage readers. Whether it’s an article title, blog post, or email subject line, using these top headlines can help you craft effective headlines that stop thumb scrolling and convert.

When crafting a headline, it’s important to think about your audience and persona. What do they want? What drives them to click, share, and engage with your content? A headline should describe the benefit that your product or content offers, entice readers to continue and inspire them to take action. A direct, short headline is typically the best option for this type of copy. For example, a “How to” headline provides clear instructions and promise of value, making it a popular choice for tutorial content. Other types of effective headlines include question headlines (e.g., “Why do I need a will?” or “What is a pre-nup?”), and testimonial headlines (e.g., ‘Our customers love it’). Avoid headlines that use articles (a, an, the) or words of action (like to, for, or with). Moreover, a headline should be in present tense; a past tense headline can be confusing.

Parliamentary vote is the system in which governments around the world are governed. It involves the legislative branch of government determining laws, while the executive branch executes those laws. The majority of democracies today use parliamentary systems. These include Canada, the United Kingdom, India, and many others.

The legislative branch of a parliamentary system is comprised of members elected through a plurality of votes in each electoral district. The party with the most votes gains a majority of seats in parliament, and from there elects their leader to be the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister then chooses members to form the executive cabinet. Often, in parliamentary systems, the roles of the executive and legislative branches are blurred or merged, and it is common for parties to form coalitions to ensure that their views are represented.

When the legislature is in session, one of its most important functions is determining what laws will be enacted and when those laws will be implemented. This is why parliamentary systems are often referred to as “representative democracies.”

When there is a need to change legislation, a proposal can be made by either the leader of the opposition or the speaker of the assembly. The proposal is then debated in the plenary chamber. If the proposal fails to gain support in the plenary, it can be referred to committee. This process allows the legislature to refine and fine-tune the proposed legislation in a more specific way. If the amendment is passed by the committee, it can be brought back to the plenary chamber for a final vote.

A current event is a popular issue that appears in news outlets. This type of essay tests one’s knowledge of the trending topics in society and challenges them to think critically and form an opinion. The current events essay requires research and attention to detail. As you write the article, be keen on facts and establish data from different sources to avoid inconsistencies. You should also be able to identify issues that are factual, thereby avoiding the temptation to exaggerate or make misleading claims.

When preparing to write your essay, start by reading on the news article and taking notes. Then, determine the impact of the news and how it affects your community, nation or the world. Also, if possible, find out the history of the topic and how it has been reported in the past. Moreover, read and understand the author’s tone and style.

While writing a current event essay, it is essential to know the time frame within which your essay must cover the topic. In addition, you should cite credible and trusted sources to establish your credibility. This is a demonstration of your knowledge and also prevents plagiarism. Also, you should make sure that the information is still relevant to the audience in order to keep the readers engaged. Therefore, a good current event essay should be updated regularly.

A summit meeting is a gathering of industry thought leaders to discuss the latest research, trends, and developments. Summits are often hosted by professional associations within industries like healthcare, finance, or technology. They provide attendees with a unique opportunity to learn from their peers and collaborate on solutions that are specific to their niche.

Whether you host your virtual summit in-person or remotely, it’s important to identify the goals and audience of your event at the outset. Use tools like Answer the Public or Also Asked to explore trending questions, popular topics, and common pain points in your target market so you can create content that is both informative and engaging.

It’s also a good idea to outline the key issues that you hope to address in your summit presentation. This will give attendees a sense of what to expect and help them decide if your summit is worth their time and effort. Lastly, be sure to end your presentation with a clear call-to-action, such as signing up for a newsletter or scheduling a demo call.

Since its inception, the Summit of the Americas has become an institutionalized set of meetings at the highest level of government decision-making in the Western Hemisphere. During the Miami Summit, heads of state and government agreed to work towards creating a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). This initiative was implemented through the creation of a Tripartite Committee to organize follow-up meetings and prepare the necessary documentation between the Summits.

Diplomacy is the practice of peacefully resolving international issues and maintaining relations between states and other entities. It shapes a nation’s foreign policy by establishing and nurturing relationships that enable its goals and policies. Its success depends on the existence of circumstances that permit an implementable solution, the capability to craft such a solution, and political will to pursue it, even when it may disappoint domestic supporters.

Historically, diplomats were often highly respected and heavily compensated. They were also largely risk-takers, sometimes putting themselves in the way of enemies and pariah states (Kissinger with China, Crocker with South Africa, Eizenstat on climate change, Carter with Iran) or negotiating directly affecting their country’s interests (Baker on Colombia, Hobson in Bosnia, Mitchell in Northern Ireland). The stories presented in this book feature people who were able to see a different outcome than the status quo and put together a strategy to reach it; and people willing to take the risks—even to their own reputations—to do so.

The most important skill a diplomat must have is the ability to understand and appreciate the point of view of the person with whom they are negotiating. Humiliating your opposite number, wrong-footing them, making them feel small and insignificant, exposing their mistakes, and gloating over them are all tempting tactics to deploy when one feels frustrated during a negotiation but they will ultimately kill any chance of achieving a lasting or robust agreement. The best diplomats will never use these techniques.

Political campaigns offer prospective staffers an opportunity to learn about promoting ideas and influencing public policy, gain valuable professional experience in a fast-paced environment, and build a meaningful career. Campaigns are typically highly competitive, requiring substantial resources and professionally-staffed operations, especially in competitive races for seats in the legislative branch of government where margins of victory and shifts in party control frequently determine policy outcomes.

Staffers on a political campaign organize, persuade, and mobilize the support of voters to elect candidates to public office or pass ballot initiatives such as constitutional amendments, state laws, local ordinances, and referendums. These campaigns are primarily volunteer-driven, but they also require paid consultants to handle project and budget management, finance, and volunteer and staff recruitment.

Candidates’ campaigns comprise the majority of electoral opportunities during any given election cycle. The campaigns of 535 members of Congress, hundreds of state legislators and elected governors, mayors, and councilmembers, and thousands of city and county executive offices and legislative referenda are largely candidate-driven. In addition, there are numerous candidate-driven gubernatorial and presidential campaigns, which typically operate under the supervision of partisan campaign committees.

While there are exceptions, most candidate-driven campaigns do not include much space for substantive policy work. Instead, voters typically form general impressions about a candidate’s positions on a particular issue based on media coverage of the candidate, partisan affiliation, paid advertising, and viral moments during a campaign. For this reason, if you’re interested in working on a policy-oriented campaign, you are more likely to find an opening with a losing candidate than a winning one.

The conventional wisdom in Washington is that regime change is an effective tool for supplanting odious regimes, advancing American security interests, and promoting democracy. But the empirical evidence shows that armed regime-change missions rarely succeed and typically produce severe, unintended consequences for America’s long-term national security and humanitarian goals.

Policymakers should consider the depressing empirical record before rushing to support any covert mission. They should also be aware that a serious regime-change effort must include the political commitment to commit to decades of institution-building. Otherwise, it is likely to morph into a prolonged military occupation and may have a variety of negative, unexpected outcomes.

Even with these warnings in mind, however, there will be cases when U.S. officials will find it appropriate to push for the downfall of a foreign leader. This may be justified in the face of an imminent threat of nuclear weapons proliferation, mass terrorism, or other catastrophic events that can only be addressed by force.

Nonetheless, a consistent commitment to using force for regime-change purposes is ill-advised. It impedes the effectiveness of other tools that are more successful at advancing U.S. national security and human rights goals, and it risks empowering factions that are more dangerous than the ones that have been removed from power. Instead of sponsoring a coup or supporting rebels militarily, the United States should use its other policy tools to promote democratic institutions and improve human rights without resorting to covert action.

The Israelis and Palestinians have been unable to reach a lasting peace agreement. Although the reasons are complex, a study of the barriers that hinder peacemaking efforts can shed light on what needs to be done to overcome them.

One of the primary barriers is strategic: the negotiators’ effort to maximize their own gains at the expense of their counterparts. In the past, this has meant pushing a hard bargain and using tactics such as positional bargaining to claim value for their own demands, even when it undermines trust.

Another barrier is structural: the internal political structures that constrain the negotiating process and its outcomes. For example, the Israeli political system is highly fragmented and is prone to frequent leadership changes. This has meant that negotiations are often renegotiated with different individuals at the negotiating table and the emergence of distinct negotiating groups.

This creates coordination problems and reduces the overall effectiveness of the negotiating process. The result is a recursive process with no visible progress toward an end to the conflict.

On the Palestinian side, the major political wishes are security guarantees (though Israel is not concerned about a war with an external adversary, it does worry about suicide bombs and other internal insurgencies). However, the Palestinians also want to end their isolation from the rest of the world, especially recognizing Jerusalem as the united capital of Israel. This is difficult to accomplish without Israel accepting defensible borders and renunciation of the right of return.